Testicular torsion is a condition where the spermatic cord that provides blood flow to the testicles becomes twisted, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. This can result in severe pain, swelling, and potential damage to the testicle if not treated promptly. Testicular torsion is a medical emergency and typically requires surgical intervention to untwist the cord and restore blood flow to the testicle. It most commonly affects adolescent males but can occur at any age. Studies in this research area focus on improving diagnostic methods, exploring risk factors, and developing more effective treatment strategies for testicular torsion.